Test Catalog

Test Id : JO1

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Jo 1 Antibodies, IgG, Serum

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Overview

Test Catalog

Useful For
Suggests clinical disorders or settings where the test may be helpful

Evaluating patients with clinical features of idiopathic inflammatory myositis, especially those with clinical features suggestive of anti-synthetase syndrome or interstitial lung disease

Testing Algorithm
Delineates situations when tests are added to the initial order. This includes reflex and additional tests.

For more information see Connective Tissue Disease Cascade.

Method Name
A short description of the method used to perform the test

Multiplex Flow Immunoassay

NY State Available
Indicates the status of NY State approval and if the test is orderable for NY State clients.

Yes

Reporting Name
Lists a shorter or abbreviated version of the Published Name for a test

Jo 1 Ab, IgG, S

Aliases
Lists additional common names for a test, as an aid in searching

Antibodies to Jo 1 Antigen

Autoantibodies to Jo 1 Antigen

Histidyl-tRNA Synthetase Antibodies

Jo 1 Antibodies

Polymyositis Antibodies

Jo 1 Antigen

Testing Algorithm
Delineates situations when tests are added to the initial order. This includes reflex and additional tests.

For more information see Connective Tissue Disease Cascade.

Specimen Type
Describes the specimen type validated for testing

Serum

Specimen Required
Defines the optimal specimen required to perform the test and the preferred volume to complete testing

Collection Container/Tube:

Preferred: Serum gel

Acceptable: Red top

Submission Container/Tube: Plastic vial

Specimen Volume: 0.5 mL

Collection Instructions: Centrifuge and aliquot serum into a plastic vial.

Special Instructions
Library of PDFs including pertinent information and forms related to the test

Specimen Minimum Volume
Defines the amount of sample necessary to provide a clinically relevant result as determined by the testing laboratory. The minimum volume is sufficient for one attempt at testing.

0.35 mL

Reject Due To
Identifies specimen types and conditions that may cause the specimen to be rejected

Gross hemolysis Reject
Gross lipemia Reject
Gross icterus OK
Heat-Treated Reject

Specimen Stability Information
Provides a description of the temperatures required to transport a specimen to the performing laboratory, alternate acceptable temperatures are also included

Specimen Type Temperature Time Special Container
Serum Refrigerated (preferred) 21 days
Frozen 21 days

Useful For
Suggests clinical disorders or settings where the test may be helpful

Evaluating patients with clinical features of idiopathic inflammatory myositis, especially those with clinical features suggestive of anti-synthetase syndrome or interstitial lung disease

Testing Algorithm
Delineates situations when tests are added to the initial order. This includes reflex and additional tests.

For more information see Connective Tissue Disease Cascade.

Clinical Information
Discusses physiology, pathophysiology, and general clinical aspects, as they relate to a laboratory test

Based on their specificity, autoantibodies in idiopathic inflammatory myopathies (IIM) are grouped into myositis specific (MSA) and myositis associated autoantibodies (MAA).(1-3) Among the MSA, autoantibodies against aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases (aaRSs) represent the most common antibodies and can be detected in 25% to 35% of patients with mainly anti-synthetase syndrome (ASSD).(1-4) ASSD is an autoimmune disease characterized by the presence of autoantibodies targeting one of several aaRSs along with clinical features including interstitial lung disease, myositis, Raynaud's phenomenon, arthritis, mechanic's hands, and fever.(3,4) The family of aaRSs consists of highly conserved cytoplasmic and mitochondrial enzymes, one for each amino acid, which are essential for the RNA translation machinery and protein synthesis. Along with their main functions, aaRSs are involved in the development of immune responses, regulation of transcription, and gene-specific silencing of translation.(4)

 

Anti-Jo-1 autoantibody is the most frequently detected anti-aaRS antibody in ASSD and targets the histidyl tRNA synthetase which catalyses the binding of the histidine to its cognate tRNA during protein synthesis.(4,5). Other described anti-aaRSs reported in ASSD include PL-7 (threonyl), PL-12 (alanyl), OJ (isoleucyl), EJ (glycyl), KS (asparaginyl), Zo (phenylalanyl) and Ha (tyrosyl).(4) The presence these autoantibodies has become a key feature for classification and diagnosis of IIM and is increasingly used to define clinically distinguishable IIM subsets. Each anti-ARS antibody seems to define a distinctive clinical phenotype.(3)

 

In addition to the characteristic features associated with the presence of anti-Jo-1 antibodies in patients with ASSD, testing for anti-aaRS autoantibodies including anti-Jo-1 antibody maybe indicated with cytoplasmic speckled pattern using HEp-2 substrate by indirect immunofluorescence assay.(6,7) In the context of ASSD, their presence may be associated with positivity for anti-Ro52 antibodies which is an MAA.(8) In routine clinical testing, anti-Jo-1 antibody testing maybe performed using a variety of solid-phase immunoassays such as the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, line immunoassay, chemiluminescence immunoassay, fluorescent enzyme immunoassay, and multiplex immunoassay such as the BioPlex.(6,9,10) The performance characteristics of these assays for the detection of anti-Jo-1 antibody have not been extensively investigated to establish comparability.(9,10)

 

For more information see Connective Tissue Disease Cascade.

Reference Values
Describes reference intervals and additional information for interpretation of test results. May include intervals based on age and sex when appropriate. Intervals are Mayo-derived, unless otherwise designated. If an interpretive report is provided, the reference value field will state this.

<1.0 U (negative)

> or =1.0 U (positive)

Reference values apply to all ages.

Interpretation
Provides information to assist in interpretation of the test results

A positive result for anti-Jo 1 antibody is suggestive of anti- synthetase syndrome or may indicate a risk for myositis with or without interstitial lung disease.

Cautions
Discusses conditions that may cause diagnostic confusion, including improper specimen collection and handling, inappropriate test selection, and interfering substances

A negative test for Jo 1 antibodies does not exclude the diagnosis of idiopathic inflammatory myositis.

Clinical Reference
Recommendations for in-depth reading of a clinical nature

1. Satoh M, Tanaka S, Ceribelli A, Calise SJ, Chan EK. A comprehensive overview on myositis-specific antibodies: New and old biomarkers in idiopathic inflammatory myopathy. Clin Rev Allergy Immunol. 2017;52(1):1-19

2. Mariampillai K, Granger B, Amelin D, et al. Development of a new classification system for idiopathic inflammatory myopathies based on clinical manifestations and myositis-specific autoantibodies. JAMA Neurol. 2018;75(12):1528-1537

3. Cavagna L, Nuno L, Scire CA, et al. Clinical spectrum time course in anti Jo-1 positive antisynthetase syndrome: Results from an international retrospective multicenter study. Medicine (Baltimore). 2015;94(32):e1144

4. Galindo-Feria AS, Notarnicola A, Lundberg IE, Horuluoglu B. Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases: On anti-synthetase syndrome and beyond. Front Immunol. 2022;13:866087

5. Freist W, Verhey JF, Ruhlmann A, Gauss DH, Arnez JG. Histidyl-tRNA synthetase. Biol Chem. 1999;380(6):623-646

6. Damoiseaux J, Andrade LEC, Carballo OG, et al. Clinical relevance of HEp-2 indirect immunofluorescent patterns: the International Consensus on ANA patterns (ICAP) perspective. Ann Rheum Dis. 2019;78(7):879-889

7. Tebo AE. Autoantibody testing in idiopathic inflammatory myopathies. J Appl Lab Med. 2022;7(1):387-390

8. Rutjes SA, Vree Egberts WT, Jongen P, et al. Anti-Ro52 antibodies frequently co-occur with anti-Jo-1 antibodies in sera from patients with idiopathic inflammatory myopathy. Clin Exp Immunol. 1997;109(1):32-40

9. Cavazzana I, Fredi M, Ceribelli A, et al. Testing for myositis specific autoantibodies: Comparison between line blot and immunoprecipitation assays in 57 myositis sera. J Immunol Methods. 2016;433:1-5

10. Espinosa-Ortega F, Holmqvist M, Alexanderson H, et al. Comparison of autoantibody specificities tested by a line blot assay and immunoprecipitation-based algorithm in patients with idiopathic inflammatory myopathies. Ann Rheum Dis. 2019;78(6):858-860

Method Description
Describes how the test is performed and provides a method-specific reference

Recombinant Jo 1 antigen is coupled covalently to polystyrene microspheres, which are impregnated with fluorescent dyes to create a unique fluorescent signature. Jo 1 antibodies, if present in diluted serum, bind to the Jo 1 antigen on the microspheres. The microspheres are washed to remove extraneous serum proteins. Phycoerythrin (PE)-conjugated antihuman IgG antibody is then added to detect IgG anti-Jo 1 bound to the microspheres. The microspheres are washed to remove unbound conjugate, and bound conjugate is detected by laser photometry. A primary laser reveals the fluorescent signature of each microsphere to distinguish it from microspheres that are labeled with other antigens, and a secondary laser reveals the level of PE fluorescence associated with each microsphere. Results are calculated by comparing the median fluorescence response for Jo 1 microspheres to a 4-point calibration curve.(Package insert: Bioplex 2200 ANA Screen. Bio-Rad Laboratories, 02/2019)

PDF Report
Indicates whether the report includes an additional document with charts, images or other enriched information

No

Day(s) Performed
Outlines the days the test is performed. This field reflects the day that the sample must be in the testing laboratory to begin the testing process and includes any specimen preparation and processing time before the test is performed. Some tests are listed as continuously performed, which means that assays are performed multiple times during the day.

Monday through Saturday

Report Available
The interval of time (receipt of sample at Mayo Clinic Laboratories to results available) taking into account standard setup days and weekends. The first day is the time that it typically takes for a result to be available. The last day is the time it might take, accounting for any necessary repeated testing.

1 to 3 days

Specimen Retention Time
Outlines the length of time after testing that a specimen is kept in the laboratory before it is discarded

14 days

Performing Laboratory Location
Indicates the location of the laboratory that performs the test

Rochester

Fees
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Test Classification
Provides information regarding the medical device classification for laboratory test kits and reagents. Tests may be classified as cleared or approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and used per manufacturer instructions, or as products that do not undergo full FDA review and approval, and are then labeled as an Analyte Specific Reagent (ASR) product.

This test has been cleared, approved, or is exempt by the US Food and Drug Administration and is used per manufacturer's instructions. Performance characteristics were verified by Mayo Clinic in a manner consistent with CLIA requirements.

CPT Code Information
Provides guidance in determining the appropriate Current Procedural Terminology (CPT) code(s) information for each test or profile. The listed CPT codes reflect Mayo Clinic Laboratories interpretation of CPT coding requirements. It is the responsibility of each laboratory to determine correct CPT codes to use for billing.

CPT codes are provided by the performing laboratory.

86235

LOINC® Information
Provides guidance in determining the Logical Observation Identifiers Names and Codes (LOINC) values for the order and results codes of this test. LOINC values are provided by the performing laboratory.

Test Id Test Order Name Order LOINC Value
JO1 Jo 1 Ab, IgG, S 33571-1
Result Id Test Result Name Result LOINC Value
Applies only to results expressed in units of measure originally reported by the performing laboratory. These values do not apply to results that are converted to other units of measure.
JO1 Jo 1 Ab, IgG, S 33571-1

Test Setup Resources

Setup Files
Test setup information contains test file definition details to support order and result interfacing between Mayo Clinic Laboratories and your Laboratory Information System.

Excel | Pdf

Sample Reports
Normal and Abnormal sample reports are provided as references for report appearance.

Normal Reports | Abnormal Reports

SI Sample Reports
International System (SI) of Unit reports are provided for a limited number of tests. These reports are intended for international account use and are only available through MayoLINK accounts that have been defined to receive them.

SI Normal Reports | SI Abnormal Reports