Test Catalog

Test Id : PARVS

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Parvovirus B19 Antibodies, IgG and IgM, Serum

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Overview

Test Catalog

Useful For
Suggests clinical disorders or settings where the test may be helpful

Serologic detection of recent or past parvovirus B19 infection

Highlights

This assay may be used to determine the serostatus of patients at risk for infection with parvovirus B19.

 

Alongside clinical evaluation and other laboratory findings, results may be used to determine if the patient has recent or past infection with parvovirus B19.

Profile Information
A profile is a group of laboratory tests that are ordered and performed together under a single Mayo Test ID. Profile information lists the test performed, inclusive of the test fee, when a profile is ordered and includes reporting names and individual availability.

Test Id Reporting Name Available Separately Always Performed
PARVG Parvovirus B19 Ab, IgG, S No Yes
PARVM Parvovirus B19 Ab, IgM, S No Yes
PARVN Parvovirus B19 Ab Interpretation No Yes

Method Name
A short description of the method used to perform the test

PARVG, PARVM: Enzyme Immunoassay (EIA)

PARVN: Technical Interpretation

NY State Available
Indicates the status of NY State approval and if the test is orderable for NY State clients.

Yes

Reporting Name
Lists a shorter or abbreviated version of the Published Name for a test

Parvovirus B19 Ab, IgG and IgM, S

Aliases
Lists additional common names for a test, as an aid in searching

B19

Erythrovirus B19

Fifth Disease

Human Parvovirus

Slapped Cheek disease

Specimen Type
Describes the specimen type validated for testing

Serum

Ordering Guidance

This test is intended for patients with at least 7 days of symptoms or asymptomatic individuals with recent exposure to parvovirus B19.

 

For patients with acute, symptomatic presentation, order either PARVP / Parvovirus B19, Molecular Detection, PCR, Plasma or PARVO / Parvovirus B19, Molecular Detection, PCR, Varies.

Specimen Required
Defines the optimal specimen required to perform the test and the preferred volume to complete testing

Supplies: Sarstedt Aliquot Tube, 5 mL (T914)

Collection Container/Tube:

Preferred: Serum gel

Acceptable: Red top

Submission Container/Tube: Plastic vial

Specimen Volume: 0.5 mL

Collection Information: Centrifuge and aliquot serum into a plastic vial.

Forms

If not ordering electronically, complete, print, and send Infectious Disease Serology Test Request (T916) with the specimen.

Specimen Minimum Volume
Defines the amount of sample necessary to provide a clinically relevant result as determined by the testing laboratory. The minimum volume is sufficient for one attempt at testing.

0.4 mL

Reject Due To
Identifies specimen types and conditions that may cause the specimen to be rejected

Gross hemolysis Reject
Gross lipemia Reject
Gross icterus Reject
Heat-inactivated specimen Reject

Specimen Stability Information
Provides a description of the temperatures required to transport a specimen to the performing laboratory, alternate acceptable temperatures are also included

Specimen Type Temperature Time Special Container
Serum Refrigerated (preferred) 14 days
Frozen 14 days

Useful For
Suggests clinical disorders or settings where the test may be helpful

Serologic detection of recent or past parvovirus B19 infection

Clinical Information
Discusses physiology, pathophysiology, and general clinical aspects, as they relate to a laboratory test

Parvovirus B19 is the causative agent of fifth disease (ie, erythema infectiosum, slapped cheek syndrome), which usually produces a mild illness characterized by an intensive erythematous maculopapular facial rash. Most outbreaks of parvovirus infection are acquired by direct contact with respiratory secretions and primarily occur in the spring. Close contact between individuals is responsible for infection in schools, daycare centers, and hospitals. The virus has also been associated with fetal damage (hydrops fetalis), aplastic crisis, and arthralgia. Infection during pregnancy presents the risk of transmission to the fetus that may cause intrauterine death. The rate of fetal death following maternal infection ranges between 1% and 9%.

 

Parvovirus B19 preferentially replicates in erythroid progenitor cells.(1) Infection with parvovirus B19 occurs early in life, and the virus is transmitted by respiratory secretion and occasionally by blood products. The prevalence of parvovirus B19 IgG antibodies increases with age. The age-specific prevalence of antibodies to parvovirus is 2% to 9% of children under 5 years, 15% to 35% in children 5 to 18 years of age, and 30% to 60% in adults (19 years or older).

 

Most acute infections with parvovirus B19 are diagnosed in the laboratory by serologically detecting IgG and IgM class antibodies to the virus using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay testing.

Reference Values
Describes reference intervals and additional information for interpretation of test results. May include intervals based on age and sex when appropriate. Intervals are Mayo-derived, unless otherwise designated. If an interpretive report is provided, the reference value field will state this.

IgG: Negative

IgM: Negative

Interpretation
Provides information to assist in interpretation of the test results

Parvovirus B19 IgM

Parvovirus B19 IgG

Interpretation

Negative

Negative

No antibody to Parvovirus B19 detected. Acute infection cannot be ruled out as antibody levels may be below the limit of detection. If clinically indicated, a second serum should be submitted in 14 to 21 days.

Negative

Positive

Results suggest past infection.

Equivocal

Positive or negative

Recommend follow-up testing in 10 to 14 days if clinically indicated.

Positive

Positive, negative, or equivocal

Results suggest recent infection and should be interpreted in the context of clinical presentation.

 

The presence of IgM class antibodies suggests recent infection. The presence of IgG antibodies only is indicative of past exposure.

 

Both IgG and IgM may be present at or soon after onset of illness and reach peak titers within 30 days. Because IgG antibody may persist for years, diagnosis of acute infection is made by the detection of IgM antibodies.

Cautions
Discusses conditions that may cause diagnostic confusion, including improper specimen collection and handling, inappropriate test selection, and interfering substances

Specimens collected prior to seroconversion may yield negative IgM or IgG antibody results, while specimens collected after IgM antibody levels have begun to decline may yield negative IgM antibody results. Follow-up testing of convalescent samples may be beneficial to establish infection status.

 

The continued presence or absence of antibodies cannot be used to determine the success or failure of therapy.

 

Test results of specimens from immunocompromised patients may be difficult to interpret.

 

Testing should not be performed as a screening procedure for the general population. Testing should only be done when clinical evidence suggests the diagnosis of parvovirus B19-associated disease.

 

The performance of this test has not been established on neonates and immunocompromised patients.

 

Specimens containing antinuclear antibodies may produce equivocal or positive test results in the IgM assay.

 

Epstein-Barr virus-positive specimens may produce positive or equivocal test results in the IgM assay.

 

Assay performance characteristics have not been established for matrices other than serum.

Clinical Reference
Recommendations for in-depth reading of a clinical nature

1. Brown KE, Young NS. Parvovirus B19 in human disease. Ann Rev Med. 1997;48:59-67

2. Reno ML, Cox CR, Powell EA. Parvovirus B19: A Clinical and Diagnostic Review. Clinical Microbiology Newsletter. 2022 Jun 15;44(12):107-14

Method Description
Describes how the test is performed and provides a method-specific reference

Antibody to parvovirus B19 is detected by a sandwich enzyme immunoassay for the detection of IgG or IgM class antibodies in serum or plasma. Specific parvovirus B19 antibodies in specimens bind to antigen-coated microtiter wells. Following a wash step, peroxidase-labeled rabbit-antihuman IgG is added that binds to parvovirus antibody. The antigen-antibody complex is detected by the addition of substrate, which turns blue in the presence of the enzyme peroxidase.(Anderson LJ, Tsou R, Parker RA, et al: Detection of antibodies and antigens of human parvovirus B19 by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. J Clin Microbiol. 198624[4]:522-526; Package insert: Parvovirus B19 IgG and IgM Enzyme Immunoassay. DiaSorin; 06/2019)

PDF Report
Indicates whether the report includes an additional document with charts, images or other enriched information

No

Day(s) Performed
Outlines the days the test is performed. This field reflects the day that the sample must be in the testing laboratory to begin the testing process and includes any specimen preparation and processing time before the test is performed. Some tests are listed as continuously performed, which means that assays are performed multiple times during the day.

Monday through Friday

Report Available
The interval of time (receipt of sample at Mayo Clinic Laboratories to results available) taking into account standard setup days and weekends. The first day is the time that it typically takes for a result to be available. The last day is the time it might take, accounting for any necessary repeated testing.

Same day/1 to 3 days

Specimen Retention Time
Outlines the length of time after testing that a specimen is kept in the laboratory before it is discarded

14 days

Performing Laboratory Location
Indicates the location of the laboratory that performs the test

Rochester

Fees
Several factors determine the fee charged to perform a test. Contact your U.S. or International Regional Manager for information about establishing a fee schedule or to learn more about resources to optimize test selection.

  • Authorized users can sign in to Test Prices for detailed fee information.
  • Clients without access to Test Prices can contact Customer Service 24 hours a day, seven days a week.
  • Prospective clients should contact their account representative. For assistance, contact Customer Service.

Test Classification
Provides information regarding the medical device classification for laboratory test kits and reagents. Tests may be classified as cleared or approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and used per manufacturer instructions, or as products that do not undergo full FDA review and approval, and are then labeled as an Analyte Specific Reagent (ASR) product.

This test has been modified from the manufacturer's instructions. Its performance characteristics were determined by Mayo Clinic in a manner consistent with CLIA requirements. This test has not been cleared or approved by the US Food and Drug Administration.

CPT Code Information
Provides guidance in determining the appropriate Current Procedural Terminology (CPT) code(s) information for each test or profile. The listed CPT codes reflect Mayo Clinic Laboratories interpretation of CPT coding requirements. It is the responsibility of each laboratory to determine correct CPT codes to use for billing.

CPT codes are provided by the performing laboratory.

86747 x 2

LOINC® Information
Provides guidance in determining the Logical Observation Identifiers Names and Codes (LOINC) values for the order and results codes of this test. LOINC values are provided by the performing laboratory.

Test Id Test Order Name Order LOINC Value
PARVS Parvovirus B19 Ab, IgG and IgM, S 34950-6
Result Id Test Result Name Result LOINC Value
Applies only to results expressed in units of measure originally reported by the performing laboratory. These values do not apply to results that are converted to other units of measure.
PARVG Parvovirus B19 Ab, IgG, S 29660-8
PARVM Parvovirus B19 Ab, IgM, S 40658-7
PARVN Parvovirus B19 Ab Interpretation 58737-8

Test Setup Resources

Setup Files
Test setup information contains test file definition details to support order and result interfacing between Mayo Clinic Laboratories and your Laboratory Information System.

Excel | Pdf

Sample Reports
Normal and Abnormal sample reports are provided as references for report appearance.

Normal Reports | Abnormal Reports

SI Sample Reports
International System (SI) of Unit reports are provided for a limited number of tests. These reports are intended for international account use and are only available through MayoLINK accounts that have been defined to receive them.

SI Normal Reports | SI Abnormal Reports