Test Catalog

Test Id : PLABN

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Platelet Antibody Screen, Serum

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Overview

Test Catalog

Useful For
Suggests clinical disorders or settings where the test may be helpful

Detecting alloantibodies to epitopes on platelet glycoproteins IIb/IIIa, Ib/Ix, Ia/IIa, IV and class I human leukocyte antigens to evaluate cases of immune mediated refractoriness to platelet transfusions, posttransfusion purpura, or neonatal alloimmune thrombocytopenia

Testing Algorithm
Delineates situations when tests are added to the initial order. This includes reflex and additional tests.

For more information see Platelet Antibody Testing Algorithm.

Method Name
A short description of the method used to perform the test

Solid Phase Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA)

NY State Available
Indicates the status of NY State approval and if the test is orderable for NY State clients.

Yes

Reporting Name
Lists a shorter or abbreviated version of the Published Name for a test

Platelet Ab Screen, S

Aliases
Lists additional common names for a test, as an aid in searching

Antiplatelet Antibodies

Circulating Platelet Antibody

Indirect Platelet Antibody

Testing Algorithm
Delineates situations when tests are added to the initial order. This includes reflex and additional tests.

For more information see Platelet Antibody Testing Algorithm.

Specimen Type
Describes the specimen type validated for testing

Serum Red

Ordering Guidance

For neonate testing, consider sending a maternal specimen instead of a neonate specimen as unbound platelet antibodies may not be detected in the neonate serum.

 

This test is not recommended for the diagnosis of immune thrombocytopenia or autoimmune thrombocytopenia. Tests that are optimized to detect antibodies bound to the platelets will be useful in these situations; cell-bound platelet antibody (direct) test is strongly recommended.

Necessary Information

If ordering electronically, answer all prompt questions for timely result reporting:

1. Reason for request is required for result interpretation.

 a. Use provided diagnosis options if appropriate. If specific diagnosis is unknown, select the generic answer of alloimmune thrombocytopenia.

 b. Record only the diagnosis pertaining to this test.

 c. Record diagnosis description instead of code.

2. Indicate if patient has had intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIg) therapy in the last month: Yes or No

ORDER QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS

Question ID Description Answers
PTL15 Reason for request? PTR, Refractory to Platelet Transfusion
NAIT, Neonatal Immune Thrombocytopenia
PTP, Post-Transfusion Purpura
Alloimmune Thrombocytopenia
ITP, Order CellBound PLT Ab instead
Seconday ITP, order Cell Bound instead
PTL16 IVIg in last month? Yes
No

Specimen Required
Defines the optimal specimen required to perform the test and the preferred volume to complete testing

Patient Preparation: Do not collect within 72 hours of a platelet transfusion. Transfused platelets will interfere with this assay.

Collection Container/Tube: Red top

Submission Container/Tube: Plastic vial

Specimen Volume: 1.5 mL

Collection Instructions: Centrifuge and aliquot serum into a plastic vial.

Special Instructions
Library of PDFs including pertinent information and forms related to the test

Forms

Specimen Minimum Volume
Defines the amount of sample necessary to provide a clinically relevant result as determined by the testing laboratory. The minimum volume is sufficient for one attempt at testing.

0.5 mL

Reject Due To
Identifies specimen types and conditions that may cause the specimen to be rejected

Gross hemolysis Reject

Specimen Stability Information
Provides a description of the temperatures required to transport a specimen to the performing laboratory, alternate acceptable temperatures are also included

Specimen Type Temperature Time Special Container
Serum Red Frozen (preferred) 365 days
Refrigerated 48 hours

Useful For
Suggests clinical disorders or settings where the test may be helpful

Detecting alloantibodies to epitopes on platelet glycoproteins IIb/IIIa, Ib/Ix, Ia/IIa, IV and class I human leukocyte antigens to evaluate cases of immune mediated refractoriness to platelet transfusions, posttransfusion purpura, or neonatal alloimmune thrombocytopenia

Testing Algorithm
Delineates situations when tests are added to the initial order. This includes reflex and additional tests.

For more information see Platelet Antibody Testing Algorithm.

Clinical Information
Discusses physiology, pathophysiology, and general clinical aspects, as they relate to a laboratory test

Platelet antibodies may be allo- or autoantibodies and may be directed to a wide range of antigenic "targets" carried on platelet cytoplasmic membranes. Serum platelet antibody test is optimized to identify the presence of platelet alloantibodies in the patient.

 

Platelet alloantibodies are involved in several clinical situations such as:

-Immune mediated refractoriness to platelet transfusions usually due to antibodies to class I human leukocyte antigens and sometimes to antibodies specific to platelet antigens.

-Neonatal alloimmune thrombocytopenia

-Posttransfusion purpura, which are usually associated with platelet-specific antibodies

Reference Values
Describes reference intervals and additional information for interpretation of test results. May include intervals based on age and sex when appropriate. Intervals are Mayo-derived, unless otherwise designated. If an interpretive report is provided, the reference value field will state this.

Not applicable

Interpretation
Provides information to assist in interpretation of the test results

This assay screens patient sera for platelet-reactive antibodies via enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.

Cautions
Discusses conditions that may cause diagnostic confusion, including improper specimen collection and handling, inappropriate test selection, and interfering substances

This assay is intended for use as a screening assay. The results of this assay should not be used as the sole basis for a clinical decision. The reaction patterns a test sample produces with this product should not be relied on solely to establish the identity of a platelet antibody. Therefore, positive or negative results obtained using this assay should be used in conjunction with clinical findings or other serological tests.

 

Some low-titer, low-avidity antibodies may not be detected using this assay.

 

The presence of other human platelet antigen (HPA) polymorphic variants located on glycoprotein (GP)IIb/IIIa (HPA-6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 14, 16, 17, 19, 20, 21), GPIa/IIa (HPA-13, 18), and GPIb/IX (HPA-12) has not been determined for the antigens captured in this kit. Antibodies to these systems may be reactive in this assay.

 

Antibodies to low incidence class I human leukocyte antigens may not be detected using this product.

 

This test has not been evaluated for the detection of autoantibodies to platelet antigens.

Clinical Reference
Recommendations for in-depth reading of a clinical nature

1. Kiefel V, Santoso S, Weisheit M, Mueller-Eckhardt C. Monoclonal antibody-specific immobilization of platelet antigens (MAIPA): A new tool for the identification of platelet-reactive antibodies. Blood. 1987;70(6):1722-1726

2. Moore SB, De Goey SR. Serum platelet antibody testing: evaluation of solid-phase enzyme immunoassay and comparison with indirect immunofluorescence. Am J Clin Pathol. 1998;109(2):190-195

3. Warkentin TE, Smith JW. The alloimmune thrombocytopenic syndromes. Transfus Med Rev. 1997;11(4):296-307

4. Metcalfe P, Watkins NA, Ouwehand WH, et al. Nomenclature of human platelet antigens. Vox Sang. 2003;85(3):240-245

5. Liebman HA. Immune thrombocytopenia (ITP): an historical perspective. Hematology Am Soc Hematol Educ Program. 2008;205

6. Kjeldsen-Kragh J, Killie MK, Tomter G, et al. A screening and intervention program aimed to reduce mortality and serious morbidity associated with severe neonatal alloimmune thrombocytopenia. Blood. 2007;110(3):833-839

7. Hoffbrand AV, Steensma D. Post transfusion purpura. In: Hoffbrand's Essential Haematology. 8th ed. Blackwell Publishing; 2019

8. Juskewitch JE, Norgan AP, De Goey SR, et al. How do I manage the platelet transfusion-refractory patient? Transfusion. 2017;57(12):2828-2835. doi:10.1111/trf.14316

9. Crighton GL, Scarborough R, McQuilten ZK, et al. Australian NAIT registry steering committee: Contemporary management of neonatal alloimmune thrombocytopenia: good outcomes in the intravenous immunoglobulin era: results from the Australian neonatal alloimmune thrombocytopenia registry. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med. 2017;30(20):2488-2494. doi:10.1080/14767058.2016.1253064

Method Description
Describes how the test is performed and provides a method-specific reference

Patient serum is added to microwells coated with platelet and human leukocyte antigen (HLA) glycoproteins, allowing antibody, if present, to bind. Unbound antibodies are then washed away. An alkaline phosphatase-labeled antihuman globulin reagent (anti-IgG/A/M) is added to the microwells and incubated. The unbound anti-IgG/A/M is washed away and the substrate p-nitrophenylphosphate (PNPP) is added to the wells and incubated. The reaction is stopped with stopping solution. The optical density of the color that develops is measured in a spectrophotometer and results are interpreted.(Package insert: PakPlus. Immucor GTI Diagnostics; 303469.IFUEN Rev E; 07/2015)

PDF Report
Indicates whether the report includes an additional document with charts, images or other enriched information

No

Day(s) Performed
Outlines the days the test is performed. This field reflects the day that the sample must be in the testing laboratory to begin the testing process and includes any specimen preparation and processing time before the test is performed. Some tests are listed as continuously performed, which means that assays are performed multiple times during the day.

Monday through Friday

Report Available
The interval of time (receipt of sample at Mayo Clinic Laboratories to results available) taking into account standard setup days and weekends. The first day is the time that it typically takes for a result to be available. The last day is the time it might take, accounting for any necessary repeated testing.

2 to 4 days

Specimen Retention Time
Outlines the length of time after testing that a specimen is kept in the laboratory before it is discarded

7 days

Performing Laboratory Location
Indicates the location of the laboratory that performs the test

Rochester

Fees
Several factors determine the fee charged to perform a test. Contact your U.S. or International Regional Manager for information about establishing a fee schedule or to learn more about resources to optimize test selection.

  • Authorized users can sign in to Test Prices for detailed fee information.
  • Clients without access to Test Prices can contact Customer Service 24 hours a day, seven days a week.
  • Prospective clients should contact their account representative. For assistance, contact Customer Service.

Test Classification
Provides information regarding the medical device classification for laboratory test kits and reagents. Tests may be classified as cleared or approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and used per manufacturer instructions, or as products that do not undergo full FDA review and approval, and are then labeled as an Analyte Specific Reagent (ASR) product.

This test has been cleared, approved, or is exempt by the US Food and Drug Administration and is used per manufacturer's instructions. Performance characteristics were verified by Mayo Clinic in a manner consistent with CLIA requirements.

CPT Code Information
Provides guidance in determining the appropriate Current Procedural Terminology (CPT) code(s) information for each test or profile. The listed CPT codes reflect Mayo Clinic Laboratories interpretation of CPT coding requirements. It is the responsibility of each laboratory to determine correct CPT codes to use for billing.

CPT codes are provided by the performing laboratory.

86022

LOINC® Information
Provides guidance in determining the Logical Observation Identifiers Names and Codes (LOINC) values for the order and results codes of this test. LOINC values are provided by the performing laboratory.

Test Id Test Order Name Order LOINC Value
PLABN Platelet Ab Screen, S 95270-5
Result Id Test Result Name Result LOINC Value
Applies only to results expressed in units of measure originally reported by the performing laboratory. These values do not apply to results that are converted to other units of measure.
PTL01 Overall Result 24375-8
PTL02 Interpretation 59466-3
PTL03 GPIIb/IIIa (Cell-1) 48505-2
PTL04 GPIIb/IIIa (Cell-2) 48505-2
PTL05 GPIa/IIa (Cell-1) 47084-9
PTL06 GPIa/IIa (Cell-2) 47084-9
PTL07 GPIb/IX 48506-0
PTL08 GPIV 87757-1
PTL09 HLA Class I 95269-7
PTL15 Reason for request? 29548-5
PTL16 IVIg in last month? 95268-9

Test Setup Resources

Setup Files
Test setup information contains test file definition details to support order and result interfacing between Mayo Clinic Laboratories and your Laboratory Information System.

Excel | Pdf

Sample Reports
Normal and Abnormal sample reports are provided as references for report appearance.

Normal Reports | Abnormal Reports

SI Sample Reports
International System (SI) of Unit reports are provided for a limited number of tests. These reports are intended for international account use and are only available through MayoLINK accounts that have been defined to receive them.

SI Normal Reports | SI Abnormal Reports